BioSocial Health journal 3060-6268 3 3 2026 10 01 Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceived Stigma, and Social Determinants of Sickle Cell Disease Among Medical Students in Cameroon: A Mixed-Methods Study 139 147 10.34172/bshj.184 EN Jude Tsafack Zefack https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5039-9362 Sybile L. N. Tatsadjieu Selouis Fuanyi Nkengfua Faustus Ajamah Dora Mbonjo Bitsie Cynthia-Edith Ara-Nabangi Ndive Esua Alphonsius Fotindong Yvonne Abwendo Mukenyu Ndembe Djeni Erwan Limen Kudion R. Steve Nformi C. Monde Njoya Y. Afssa Salma Tambi Arrey Nellybel Ophundem Essiane Oko’o Karen Davide Journal Article 10.34172/bshj.184 2026 06 11 2026 08 07 Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) remains a major public health challenge in sub‑Saharan Africa. Medical students play a key role in its prevention, diagnosis, management, and advocacy, yet their preparedness in Cameroon remains poorly understood. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional mixed-methods study among medical students across Cameroon using an anonymous questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitudes, stigma, social determinants, and advocacy engagement. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable methods, while qualitative responses were thematically analyzed. Results: Among 333 participants, foundational knowledge was high: 99.7% identified SCD as genetic, and 95.2% recognized hemoglobin electrophoresis as diagnostic. However, gaps existed: only 58.0% identified hydroxyurea, and 22.5% understood curative options. Attitudes were positive, but perceptions of stigma persisted. While 82.6% were willing to engage in advocacy, only 36.3% had participated. Year of study predicted knowledge. Qualitative findings highlighted stigma, economic hardship, and training gaps. Conclusion: Medical students demonstrate strong basic knowledge, but gaps in management and continued exposure to stigma remain. Curriculum strengthening is needed.