Apeksha H. Mewani
1 
, Elgloria Harrison
2 , Collete Brown
1, Erela Datuowei
3* 1 Department of Health Equity, Administration, and Technology, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, USA
2 Department of Health Equity, Administration, and Technology, School of Health Sciences Human Services, and Nursing, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, USA
3 Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Abstract
Reproductive health is a fundamental aspect of public health, yet unplanned pregnancies and pregnancy loss remain persistent challenges, disproportionately affecting marginalized communities. These disparities are shaped by systemic barriers, including limited access to contraception, reproductive education, and mental health resources. This study employs a narrative synthesis approach to explore the epidemiology and consequences of unplanned pregnancy, the psychological and social ramifications of pregnancy loss, and the emerging role of digital health innovations in addressing these stigmatized care gaps. Studies were selected through targeted searches of peer-reviewed literature, policy reports, and digital health research from 2018 to 2025, emphasizing relevance to underserved populations and technological interventions. Findings revealed that unintended adolescent pregnancies are linked to poor maternal and neonatal outcomes, interrupted education, and long-term socioeconomic instability. Pregnancy loss is associated with significant mental health risks yet remains insufficiently addressed in both clinical practice and digital health settings. Current systems lack standardized bereavement protocols and comprehensive support strategies. Future digital health solutions, including AI-driven therapeutics and mobile health applications, offer a promising avenue for bridging healthcare disparities, reducing stigma, and providing tailored psychological support. This study highlights the need for inclusive reproductive healthcare policies and the integration of digital solutions to mitigate structural inequities and improve outcomes for underserved communities.